{"id":494,"date":"2021-01-18T11:07:06","date_gmt":"2021-01-18T10:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dragonfly-colors.com\/?p=494"},"modified":"2023-03-30T16:36:26","modified_gmt":"2023-03-30T14:36:26","slug":"index-color-separation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dragonfly-colors.com\/de\/index-color-separation\/","title":{"rendered":"Index Color Separation in Screen Printing"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Die Index-Farbseparation ist eine von vielen Farbseparationsmethoden, die haupts\u00e4chlich im Siebdruck zum Einsatz kommt. Sie wird als Ersatz f\u00fcr die CMYK-Farbseparation verwendet - eine kosteng\u00fcnstige, aber etwas veraltete Methode. Je nach Zweck wird CMYK nach und nach durch Index- oder simulierte Prozessfarbseparation ersetzt, haupts\u00e4chlich weil diese Verfahren die Verwendung von mehr als nur 4 Farben erm\u00f6glichen. Durch die Verwendung mehrerer Farben k\u00f6nnen komplexere Farbmuster auf Kleidungsst\u00fccke \u00fcbertragen werden, wodurch die Drucke blickdichter und sch\u00e4rfer erscheinen. Das hat jedoch seine guten und schlechten Seiten und kann nicht f\u00fcr alle Arten von Grafiken verwendet werden. Aber das Wichtigste zuerst\u2026<\/span><\/p>

Was ist die Index-Farbseparation?<\/b><\/h2>

The Index Color Separation is the process of breaking down complex designs into a few colors, not necessarily Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black. Theoretically, the number of colors is limited just by the number of available printing heads on the machine. What distinguishes this method from the simulated process color separation is the use of bitmap instead of halftones. Index color separation converts an image into a diffusion dither which is a computer-generated stochastic raster displacing the dots closer or further apart from each other to create a pseudo-random square pattern, popularly referred to as pixels. It is easier to color match with index color final prints are bright and high contrast and the index separations also work great and print equally as well on both light and dark shirts! Also, the good news is that you can use Pantone! It\u2019s one of the greatest assets of this separation technique. It makes the colors appear opaque and leaves the edge sharp on the outcome.<\/span><\/p>

Dithering<\/b><\/h2>

Without the dithering, the banding effect is visible – a problem of inaccurate color presentation in computer graphics. In some cases, there is a risk of producing abrupt changes between shades of the same color. For instance, displaying natural gradients, like sunsets, dawns, or clear blue skies, can show minor visible bands on the computer screen. When colors graduate from one to another, they never transient smoothly and therefore, due to lossy compression, transmit to a limited color palette with a visible error. It doesn\u2019t even appear on some separations, as colors don\u2019t overlap on all projects, and on some, it just requires using more colors. The key is to make the transition invisible to the human eye. The more colors are used the better an image looks. For reference, a 12-index color image looks twice as smooth as a 6-index color image. Diffusion dither is adding noise perceived as a delicate blur if seen from distance and fixes the problem.<\/span><\/p>

Bitmap<\/b><\/h2>

Bitmap keeps you away from the common moir\u00e9 pattern problem, a waveform pattern caused by interference between half-tone dot angle and screen mesh. Therefore it creates a pattern consisting of equal size adjoined square dots of different colors. As dots on a bitmap never overlap, it\u2019s commonly used to represent sharp edges often appearing with AM screens too.<\/span><\/p>

Nachteile der Index-Farbseparation<\/b><\/h2>

It\u2019s hard to transcribe any gradient or shading to a bitmap, without setting a proper resolution. The resolution, in this case, is just the size of the \u201cbits\u201d from the so-called bitmap. Resolution is just how many rasters, which in our case are the adhering squares, one can fit in an inch-long line. 135 – 155 pixels\/inch is the standard resolution for most index separation prints. Briefly, the higher the resolution the more detailed the picture can be. Then a lot relies on a screen mesh. Finer mesh size allows to obtain of more precise graphics, but the left-alone dots may still be visible. That\u2019s why we disadvise using this method of color separation when we work on too many details. Especially when there are a lot of transcending colors within a project. Another disadvantage is that it takes more time. Photoshop can automatically generate a starting point of a sep, but it\u2019s simply not as smart and requires an intervention of a human eye and potentially a manual edit. You cannot apply any \u201cgrayscale\u201d adjustments like tone curves to the final separations. You pretty much get what you get and if you don\u2019t like the outcome you have to go back, re-pick colors, and re-separate the job. But there is no need to be afraid that the image looks dotty. In cases like the above, we can always use a different method of color separation – like simulated process color separation to use halftones. You can read about it <\/span>Sie k\u00f6nnen hier dar\u00fcber lesen.<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>

Siebdruck<\/b><\/a><\/h2>

Der Tintenauftrag ist etwas anders, wenn Sie die Index-Farbseparation verwenden. Wenn Sie eine niedrigere Maschenweite verwenden, k\u00f6nnen Sie einen h\u00f6heren Punktzuwachs erzielen, sodass der Druck so aussieht, als ob Halbt\u00f6ne verwendet wurden, aber die Farben bleiben sehr scharf. Normalerweise ist es eine Separationsmethode, die einen Nass-in-Nass-Druck erfordert. Der Grund f\u00fcr das Nass-in-Nass-Drucken besteht darin, dass die Punkte sich zu einem kontinuierlichen Ton vermischen, \u00e4hnlich wie bei einem Foto.<\/span><\/p>

Zusammenfassung<\/b><\/h2>

Diese Art der Separation wird empfohlen, wenn das Bild scharfe Kanten hat, wie bei Texten, Logos, geometrischen Formen. Gerade wenn es nicht so viele Farb\u00fcberg\u00e4nge gibt, lassen sich auch komplexe Muster effektvoll drucken. Es macht die Drucke lebendig und scharf, was mit anderen Techniken schwieriger zu erreichen ist.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Index Color Separation is one of many kinds of color separations used mainly in screen printing. It\u2019s used as a substitution for CMYK color separation – an inexpensive, but a bit outdated method. Depending on a purpose CMYK is being gradually replaced by index or simulated process color separation, mainly because these methods allow […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":323,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"Index Color Separation in Screen Printing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to perfect your screen printing process with our guide on Index Color Separation. 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